I created the YouTube Tutorial and hand out for knowing the equipment and it's uses, in this video I talked about the camera, tripod, boom and both camera stabilisers we have. I explained the equipment and the main aspects of its use as well as including a small video relevant to it. For the camera I used a video I took during my advertising assignment that shows the camera's zoom and focus ability, for the tripod I showed a panning shot I also filmed in the advertising assignment. I have not used the boom mic yet as both of my previous practical assignments used background music and no dialogue therefore I do not have any footage of it in use. I showed a video of another member of my group using the shoulder mount while being pushed on a spinny chair. At first I considered doing on-set terminology however I thought it was too much like 'Things you may hear on set' which is what another member of the group doing. I recorded Matthew holding up and showing the equipment whilst I did a voiceover explaining it. The hand out that I created includes a screenshot of Matthew holding the piece of equipment and then the voice over written out, at the end of the hand out I included a little bit about other equipment too.
The hand out I created (this is a screen shot of the paper document I made, I apologise for the bad quality)
Single Camera Production uses a single camera to film all of the shots, it is used mostly in low budget films and involves a lot of editing.
The advantages of single camera production are that they are low budget as you are only using on camera as opposed to multiple. You don't have to worry about other cameras being in shot therefore giving you more flexibility with shots. Also, it is easier to collect footage as it's all on one camera and it is easier when shooting on location - carrying, setting up, taking down. The disadvantages are that having only one camera means you have to keep moving and setting it up which is time consuming. Also, it is hard to reproduce scenes exactly which would not be a problem during multi-camera.
Single camera productions are very commonly used in TV dramas, there are three main categories of TV drama - a single drama is a one-off story, an example of this is Murdered by My Boyfriend; a drama series is a programme broadcast regularly, usually weekly, where the same characters and basic situation are used to tell a different story each episode, an example of this is Grey's Anatomy. A serial has a continuing plot that unfolds each episode an example of this is Pride and Prejudice (1995 - the one with Colin Firth). A soap opera has multiple characters who carry lots of storylines at once, the storylines can carry on for weeks or even months before coming to a conclusion.
A linear storyline is one that tells the audience the story in order of events, it is easy to follow as it is a straight forward sequence. A non linear story is one that takes place in different timeframes - flashing between different points of time to piece together the story. A realist structure is one that is realistic and possibly based on a true story. An anti-realist structure is where anything is possible, for example Doctor Who. Endings can be completely closed with no loose ties or could be open which allows for a possible sequel.
An extreme long shot is taken from a long distance away and is generally used to set the scene with little details shown; a long shot allows you to see the whole actor from head to toe. A medium shot shows the actor from the waist up and is often used in dialogue scenes and over the shoulder shots; a close-up contains very little background and focuses on the character's face, this shot makes the audience feel more or less comfortable with the character. A extreme close-up shows one specific detail such as an eye or mouth. A master shot is filmed from one view to show all actors all in the scene, they are common in conversation scenes.
High key lighting is a style of lighting that aims to reduce the lighting ratio present in the scene, and is usually free from shadows; it is used to suggest an upbeat mood and is common in sitcoms and comedies. Low key lighting is used to hide features using a single light to display what is wanted to be seen in the shot. Natural lighting is used to create a natural feeling and uses no special lighting effects. Ambient lighting is the combination of light reflections to produce a uniform illumination.
Diegetic sound is sound that can be heard from the characters in the scene whereas non-diegetic sound is sound that cannot be heard by the characters but is used to set a scene or create tension. Sound effects are created artificially and may be used to replace or change natural sound to make it more dramatic. Ambient sound is background sound that can be used to set the tone for a scene. Dialogue is the sound that comes from the actor's speaking as their character. Voice over is someone talking over a scene and is seen on documentaries. Synchronous sound is sound that matches the actions and what's going on, whereas asynchronous sound is where the sound doesn't match the scene but may be used to create a distortion effect.
Continuity editing is where a scene transitions to the next scene properly and doesn't leave the audience confused or lost. Match an action is where the scene smoothly transitions into the next to match the action, for example a character going to open a door, then from behind the door seeing the character open it. Shot reverse shot is used to show what the character is looking at. 180 degree rule is where a conversation is filmed from one side of the room so not to confuse the audience. POV shots are scenes filmed to look like its coming from the character's eyes. Cross cutting is where one scene cuts to another to help tell the story. A montage showing the passage of time quickly by showing highlights.
To build a scene you need an appropriate setting to suit the story, this includes props and clothing. It is very important, especially in period dramas as everything needs to be consistent and corresponding to time and location in which its set. When building a story it is important to think about the time and world/universe its set in. You also need to think of the age of the target audience to ensure the story is appropriate for them.
The hand out I created (this is a screen shot of the paper document I made, I apologise for the bad quality)
The advantages of single camera production are that they are low budget as you are only using on camera as opposed to multiple. You don't have to worry about other cameras being in shot therefore giving you more flexibility with shots. Also, it is easier to collect footage as it's all on one camera and it is easier when shooting on location - carrying, setting up, taking down. The disadvantages are that having only one camera means you have to keep moving and setting it up which is time consuming. Also, it is hard to reproduce scenes exactly which would not be a problem during multi-camera.
Single camera productions are very commonly used in TV dramas, there are three main categories of TV drama - a single drama is a one-off story, an example of this is Murdered by My Boyfriend; a drama series is a programme broadcast regularly, usually weekly, where the same characters and basic situation are used to tell a different story each episode, an example of this is Grey's Anatomy. A serial has a continuing plot that unfolds each episode an example of this is Pride and Prejudice (1995 - the one with Colin Firth). A soap opera has multiple characters who carry lots of storylines at once, the storylines can carry on for weeks or even months before coming to a conclusion.
A linear storyline is one that tells the audience the story in order of events, it is easy to follow as it is a straight forward sequence. A non linear story is one that takes place in different timeframes - flashing between different points of time to piece together the story. A realist structure is one that is realistic and possibly based on a true story. An anti-realist structure is where anything is possible, for example Doctor Who. Endings can be completely closed with no loose ties or could be open which allows for a possible sequel.
An extreme long shot is taken from a long distance away and is generally used to set the scene with little details shown; a long shot allows you to see the whole actor from head to toe. A medium shot shows the actor from the waist up and is often used in dialogue scenes and over the shoulder shots; a close-up contains very little background and focuses on the character's face, this shot makes the audience feel more or less comfortable with the character. A extreme close-up shows one specific detail such as an eye or mouth. A master shot is filmed from one view to show all actors all in the scene, they are common in conversation scenes.
High key lighting is a style of lighting that aims to reduce the lighting ratio present in the scene, and is usually free from shadows; it is used to suggest an upbeat mood and is common in sitcoms and comedies. Low key lighting is used to hide features using a single light to display what is wanted to be seen in the shot. Natural lighting is used to create a natural feeling and uses no special lighting effects. Ambient lighting is the combination of light reflections to produce a uniform illumination.
Diegetic sound is sound that can be heard from the characters in the scene whereas non-diegetic sound is sound that cannot be heard by the characters but is used to set a scene or create tension. Sound effects are created artificially and may be used to replace or change natural sound to make it more dramatic. Ambient sound is background sound that can be used to set the tone for a scene. Dialogue is the sound that comes from the actor's speaking as their character. Voice over is someone talking over a scene and is seen on documentaries. Synchronous sound is sound that matches the actions and what's going on, whereas asynchronous sound is where the sound doesn't match the scene but may be used to create a distortion effect.
Continuity editing is where a scene transitions to the next scene properly and doesn't leave the audience confused or lost. Match an action is where the scene smoothly transitions into the next to match the action, for example a character going to open a door, then from behind the door seeing the character open it. Shot reverse shot is used to show what the character is looking at. 180 degree rule is where a conversation is filmed from one side of the room so not to confuse the audience. POV shots are scenes filmed to look like its coming from the character's eyes. Cross cutting is where one scene cuts to another to help tell the story. A montage showing the passage of time quickly by showing highlights.
To build a scene you need an appropriate setting to suit the story, this includes props and clothing. It is very important, especially in period dramas as everything needs to be consistent and corresponding to time and location in which its set. When building a story it is important to think about the time and world/universe its set in. You also need to think of the age of the target audience to ensure the story is appropriate for them.
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